SUMMARY

MQM-H (Mohajir Qaumi Movement - Haqiqi) is a small political party with paramilitary elements in Pakistan. The group officially claims it stands for the rights of the Mohajiri community - Urdu-speaking Muslim immigrants that came to Pakistan from India in the aftermath of the 1947 partition and chose to settle in Karachi, Hyderabad and the larger Sindh area.

MQM-H is the result of the splintering of MQM (then the Mohajir Qaumi Movement) in 1992. This occurred in the immediate aftermath of Operation Cleanup, a Pakistani military operation intent on destabilizing MQM, which it saw as responsible for the violence in Karachi and the larger Sindh region. At that point, a splinter group, led by Afaq Ahmad and Amir Khan, two high-ranking members of MQM, together with four other members of the provincial assembly, took over control over MQMs headquarters, and declared themselves as the true leaders of the group. Presumably with the support of the Pakistani Army, MQM-H began an attempt to convince other members of MQM to join their ranks. However, this proved to be futile, and, by the end of 1994, reports claim that the party lost almost all legitimacy in Mohajiri-inhabited areas (possibly because of its ties with the military), being able to solely recruit those excluded from the main MQM faction. The lack of support for the group can further be discerned by its lack of success in elections, with no MQM-H member being elected in any election that MQM contested.

Throughout the 1990s, MQM and MQM-H engaged in clashes, targeting each other repeatedly through various attacks and targeted assassinations. While support for the group is limited, reports claim that MQM-H controlled small sectors of Karachi by force at various times, mainly with a goal of preventing MQM activities in the area.

MQM-H has been involved in the non-state category of UCDP organised violence.