This dataset is UCDP's most disaggregated dataset, covering individual events of organized violence (phenomena of lethal violence occurring at a given time and place). These events are sufficiently fine-grained to be geo-coded down to the level of individual villages, with temporal durations disaggregated to single, individual days.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
• Sundberg, Ralph and Erik Melander (2013) Introducing the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 50(4).
The UCDP Candidate Events Dataset (UCDP Candidate) is based on UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (UCDP GED), but published at a monthly release cycle. It makes available monthly releases of candidate events data with not more than a month’s lag globally. See codebook for similarieties and differences between the two products.
August 2023: Version 23.0.8 (global) available as:
July 2023: Version 23.0.7 (global) available as:
January-June 2023: Version 23.01.23.06 (global) available as:
Please cite:
• Hegre, Håvard, Mihai Croicu, Kristine Eck, and Stina Högbladh (July 2020) Introducing the UCDP Candidate Events Dataset. Research & Politics
A conflict-year dataset with information on armed conflict where at least one party is the government of a state in the time period 1946-2022.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
• Gleditsch, Nils Petter, Peter Wallensteen, Mikael Eriksson, Margareta Sollenberg, and Håvard Strand (2002) Armed Conflict 1946-2001: A New Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 39(5).
Also see PRIO's webpage
A dyad-year version of the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset. A dyad consists of two opposing actors in an armed conflict where at least one party is the government of a state.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
• Harbom, Lotta, Erik Melander & Peter Wallensteen (2008) Dyadic Dimensions of Armed Conflict, 1946-2007. Journal of Peace Research 45(5).
An actor-year dataset with information of intentional attacks on civilians by governments and formally organized armed groups.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
• Eck, Kristine & Lisa Hultman (2007) Violence Against Civilians in War. Journal of Peace Research 44(2).
A conflict-year dataset containing information on communal and organized armed conflict where none of the parties is the government of a state.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
• Sundberg, Ralph, Kristine Eck and Joakim Kreutz (2012) Introducing the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 49(2).
This file contains a dyad-year dataset with information on the number of battle-related deaths in the conflicts from 1989-2021 that appear in the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset.
Available at dyadic level as: Available at conflict level as:Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
A dataset of all the actors (including their full names and alternate names) as available in UCDP datasets version 23.1. The dataset also includes information on which conflicts and dyads the actors have been involved in, as well as information on the groups' origins and alliances.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
UCDP provides onset datasets for interstate and intrastate conflict, coding onsets in three distinct ways for each type of conflict, resulting in six distinct datasets. All datasets contain variables recording onsets of new armed conflict, and re-starts of previously active armed conflict after 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 20-years of inactivity.
Onset datasets for intrastate conflict:
UCDP Intrastate Conflict Level Onset Dataset
UCDP Intrastate Country Level Onset Dataset
Please cite:
• Gleditsch, Nils Petter; Peter Wallensteen, Mikael Eriksson, Margareta Sollenberg & Håvard Strand (2002) Armed Conflict 1946–2001: A New Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 39(5).
• Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2023). Organized violence 1989-2022 and the return of conflicts between states?. Journal of Peace Research 60(4).
The Peace Agreement dataset, that covers peace agreements signed between at least two opposing primary warring parties in an armed conflict 1975-2021. This version is compatible with UCDP datasets version 22.1.
Full texts for most peace agreements are available here (or through links in the dataset).
Available as:
Please cite:
Davies, Shawn, Therese Pettersson & Magnus Öberg (2022). Organized violence 1989-2021 and drone warfare. Journal of Peace Research 59(4).
A dyad-year dataset identifying violent political protests, 1989-2019. It presents a new –standalone- category of organized violence, which complements, and is compatible with, UCDP’s three categories of organized violence: one-sided violence, non-state, and state-based conflict.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Svensson, Isak, Susanne Schaftenaar & Marie Allansson (2022). Violent Political Protest: Introducing a New Uppsala Conflict Data Program Data Set on Organized Violence, 1989-2019. Journal of Conflict Resolution. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027221109791
The Cities and Armed Conflict Events (CACE) dataset constitutes an extension of the UCDP-GED. CACE provides a systematic coding of whether these armed conflict events took place in cities. To identify which events of armed conflict took place in cities, the data was manually matched to data from the United Nations Statistics Division (see the codebook for more details). The current version is based on UCDP-GED v 18.1.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Elfversson, Emma & Kristine Höglund (2021) Are armed conflicts becoming more urban? Cities, Volume 119
A global, georeferenced event dataset, based on UCDP data, identifying electoral violence with lethal outcomes from 1989 to 2017.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Fjelde, Hanne and Kristine Höglund (2021) “Introducing the Deadly Electoral Conflict Dataset (DECO)” Journal of Conflict Resolution, https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027211021620
An actor-year dataset with information on the ethnic identity of civilian victims of direct and deliberate killings by state and non-state actors from 1989 to 2013. The dataset is based on the UCDP One-Sided Violence Dataset version 1.4-2014. Target groups are denoted with EPR IDs.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Fjelde, Hanne, Lisa Hultman, Livia Schubiger, Lars-Erik Cederman, Simon Hug, and Margareta Sollenberg (2019) Introducing the Ethnic One-Sided Violence dataset. Conflict Management and Peace Science: https://doi.org/10.1177/0738894219863256
In version 17.1 of all UCDP datasets, the ID system for conflicts, actors and dyads was changed in order to make them unique across all UCDP core datasets and all UCDP types of violence. This allows easier aggregation and disaggregation of data as well as simplify data management for users, especially when combining multiple UCDP products together.
This means all IDs used in the dataset from version 17.1 and onwards are no longer compatible with those in older versions of UCDP products. Further, this means that external products relying on UCDP IDs for data management tasks will have to be adapted to work with the new ID systems.
A conversion table between the new and old ID systems is available below, if you want to use the current datasets with the old ones.
For State-based (UCDP/PRIO) conflict IDs:
For State-based, Non-State and One-Sided Dyad IDs:
For Actor IDs:
This dataset provides information on specific start- and end- dates for conflict activity and means of termination for each conflict episode. The data is available as a conflict-level dataset which corresponds with the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset v 21.1, and a dyad-level dataset which corresponds with the UCDP Dyadic Dataset v. 21.1.
Available at conflict level as:
Available at dyadic level as:
Please cite:
• Kreutz, Joakim (2010) How and When Armed Conflicts End: Introducing the UCDP Conflict Termination Dataset. Journal of Peace Research 47(2).
A dyad-year dataset containing information on conflict issues and key actor characteristics in non-state conflict. The dataset covers non-state conflicts in Africa, 1989-2011 and is compatible with the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset v. 2.5-2016.
The data builds on and extends the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset by introducing additional information on what the actors in the conflict are fighting over, alongside actor characteristics. The data set distinguishes between two main categories of issues, territory or authority, in addition to a residual category of other issues.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Nina von Uexkull & Therese Pettersson (2018) Issues and Actors in African Nonstate Conflicts: A New Data Set. International Interactions. Full text is available here.
A dyad-year dataset containing information on external support in non-state conflict. The dataset covers non-state conflicts in Africa, 1989-2011 and is compatible with the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset v. 2.5-2016.
The data builds on and extends the UCDP External Support Dataset and the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset by introducing additional information on external support to warring parties in non-state conflicts.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Nina von Uexkull & Therese Pettersson (2018) Issues and Actors in African Nonstate Conflicts: A New Data Set. International Interactions. Full text is available here.
A dataset providing information on the existence, type, and provider of external support for all warring parties (actors) coded as active in UCDP data, on an annual basis, between 1975 and 2017. The ESD builds on the UCDP Dyadic Dataset 18.1 derived from the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset 18.1 but goes beyond the dyad-level and offers the warring party-opponent-year (actor-year) as well as the warring-party-supporter-opponent-year (or triad-year) as units of analysis in addition to the dyad-year.
Choosing the right dataset:
When using the ESD, researchers can choose between the following three different units of analysis: the triad-year version (ESD TY), the actor-year version (ESD AY), and the dyad-year version (ESD DY). Further units of analysis, e.g. at the conflict-level or the actor-level, can be created from the triad-year version.
ESD TY: Triad-year The triad-level dataset (ESD TY) is the most disaggregated and extensive version of the data. It contains yearly information on the external supporter and the recipient of support specific to the conflict-dyad the recipient is involved in. It thus contains one observation (row) for each combination of external supporter, recipient, and opponent per year. All aggregated versions of the dataset can be built from this version. This version is appropriate where the focus rests on the individual external supporters and can be used to create aggregate measures of characteristics of the external supporter such as, e.g. combined military capabilities.
ESD AY: Actor-year The actor-year dataset (ESD AY) contains all support a recipient receives in a given dyad-year. If more than one external supporter provides external support, the external support is combined and presented as aggregate measures. It thus contains one observation (row) for each actor per dyad-year. This version is appropriate where the focus rests on the recipients of external support regardless of which external supporters provide the support.
ESD DY: Dyad-year The dyad-level dataset (ESD DY) is the most aggregated version of the three datasets and presents information on external support to the conflict-dyad as a whole at the dyad-year unit of analysis. If more than one external supporter provides external support, the external support is combined and presented as aggregate measures. As such it contains one observation (row) for each dyad per year. This version is appropriate where existing data is in a dyad-year structure or the focus rests on the impact of external support on conflict more generally.
ESD TY: Triad-year:
ESD AY: Actor-year:
ESD DY: Dyad-year:
Please cite:
• Meier, Vanessa, Niklas Karlén, Therése Pettersson & Mihai Croicu (2022). External Support in Armed Conflicts. Introducing the UCDP External Support Dataset (ESD), 1975-2017. Journal of Peace Research. Online First.
An event-dataset that covers all measures taken by third parties in low-intensity intrastate dyad-years in the time period 1993-2004. The dataset includes information on e.g. the date of each event, name of third party/-ies, total number of third parties, type of measure, the topic of talks etc.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Melander, Erik, Möller, Frida and Öberg, Magnus (2009) Managing Intrastate Low-Intensity Armed Conflict 1993-2004: A New Dataset. International Interactions 35(1).
A dataset containing all third party interventions in conflict dyads in Africa between 1993 and 2007. The dataset is compatible with the UCDP Dyadic Dataset v.1 2010 for the years 1993-2007. The dataset is highly disaggregated, the object of analysis being the dyad-third-party intervention event-day. For each third party intervention a substantial number of variables are collected. These include the identity and type (state, IGO, NGO etc.) of the interveners, the type and topic of intervention and the receiver of intervention (whether the target was the government, rebel(s) or both sides). Data is collected for all UCDP active years as well as for a three year period of inactivity after each conflict episode.
For a list of Actor IDs listed in the MIC data which are not included in the UCDP Actor Dataset, click here.
Available as:
Please cite:
• Croicu, Mihai, Erik Melander, Marcus Nilsson and Peter Wallensteen, Mediation and Violence: Searching for third party intervention that matters. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, San Francisco, USA, 3-6 April 2013.