SUMMARY

The group called 3R, Retour, Réclamation, Réhabilitation, has been active in the north-western Ouham-Pendé province of the Central African Republic. 3R was led by a self-proclaimed general named Sidiki Abass, and the group has described themselves as protectors of the Fulani (Peuhl) minority against attacks from the anti-Balaka.However, 3R soon became known for attacking and killing civilians. Several villages were burned and destroyed and sexual violence was widespread.

3R first became active as a one-sided actor in UCDP data in 2016, when the one-sided violence resulted in more than 25 civilian deaths. The threshold was reached in November of that year when attacks by the group had resulted in 50 civilian deaths.