General information
Type of Incompatibility: Not applicable
Date of first battle related death: 2007-03-01
Date of conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: 2007-12-30
Comment on conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: Mungiki first became active as a one-sided actor in UCDP data in 2007, when the one-sided violence resulted in at least 25 civilian deaths. The threshold was reached on 30 December that year when the group, only hours after the presidential vote was announced, entered Kariobangi village and killed 38 civilians of the Lou and Luhya tribes.
Annual information
This section contains annual information systematically collected by the UCDP.
2007
Primary Parties: Mungiki - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 40 |
| Best | 40 |
| Low | 40 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2008
Primary Parties: Mungiki - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 32 |
| Best | 29 |
| Low | 29 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2009
Primary Parties: Mungiki - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 67 |
| Best | 37 |
| Low | 37 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
Conflict Archive
This section contains annual information no longer systematically collected by the UCDP.
2007 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: At the end of 2007 just hours after the result from the Presidential election was announced, the outlawed Mungiki sect started to mutilate residents from the Lou and Luhya ethnic groups. A police reported that at the morning of 31 December 2007 police found 38 killed Lou. These persons were forcibly “circumcised” and after that left bleeding to death.
Terminated: NO
2008 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: In 2008 the Mungiki took part in the violence that followed from the contested election in the end of 2007. Most of the one-sided violence they were conducting took place in the end of January in the rift valley towns of Naivasha and Nakuru. Reports indicate that the Mungiki already before the election took place recruited members in that area. The planning of the attacks taking place in the end of January is also shown by that Mungiki members warned Kikuyu businessman on the forehand and told them to close their shops. The violence was pre-planed and executed by Mungiki members. However, they also received support form some Naivasha political and business leaders from the Kikuyu group. Meetings between local politicians and Mungiki took place before the violence erupted. Also, Mungiki members and other young Kikuyu forced people of their own ethnic group to join in the fighting against the other groups. The one-sided violence carried out by Mungiki in 2008 consisted of for instance: forced circumcision, burning of houses inhabited by civilians, brutal killings of women and children. The aim with this brutality was to expel Lou and Kalenjin from Kikuyu dominated areas. As the fighting resulted in major displacement the aim was fulfilled.
Terminated: NO
2009 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: Most of the one-sided violence committed by Mungiki in 2009 happend in April. In the so-called Mathira Massacre, Mungiki members killed 29 civilians in less than 12 hours.
Comment on Yearly Battle Related Deaths: The differences in the fatality estimate results from unclear reporting of the Mathira Massacre in April 2009, for which diverging estimates are reported.
Terminated: NO
