General information
Type of Incompatibility: Not applicable
Date of first battle related death: 1992-01-25
Date of conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: 1992-01-26
Comment on conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: The Republic of Artsakh first became active as a one-sided actor in UCDP data in 1992, when the one-sided violence resulted in over 25 civilian deaths. The threshold was reached due to an attack on refugees fleeing the town Khojali.
Annual information
This section contains annual information systematically collected by the UCDP.
1991
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 0 |
| Best | 0 |
| Low | 0 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1992
Primary Parties: Republic of Artsakh - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 1376 |
| Best | 774 |
| Low | 774 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2014
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 0 |
| Best | 0 |
| Low | 0 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
Conflict Archive
This section contains annual information no longer systematically collected by the UCDP.
1991 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
1992 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: A major attack on civilian Azerbaijanis took place in the town of Khojali near Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh in March 1992. According to Armenian sources, the attack on Khojali was a response to alleged artillery fire from the town.
The Armenian authorities first denied any atrocities against the civilians. Later, some blamed irregular Armenian fighters and even Azerbaijani militants, in particular the Azerbaijan Popular Front. Human rights organizations, such as Human Rights Watch and Memorial, placed responsibility for the attack on the Karabakh Armenian forces.
Researchers suggested that the attack was an act of revenge, as it was committed in the run-up to the fourth anniversary of mass killings of Armenians by Azerbaijani forces in the city of Sumgait and many of the participating Armenian soldiers came from this area. They also pointed out that Armenia had a strategic interest in the control of this area that would provide access to Nagorno-Karabakh by large airplanes. There were allegations and eyewitness reports about the participation of military units of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in the attack.
Comment on Yearly Battle Related Deaths: The death toll of Khojali is disputed. The best estimate builds on the results of forensic examinations that were reported by the Russian human rights organization Memorial. The high estimate builds on Azeri official estimates of 2002, 613 dead and 150 missing.
Terminated: NO
2014 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
