General information
Type of Incompatibility: Not applicable
Date of first battle related death: 1992-08-21
Date of conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: 1993-07-30
Comment on conflict reached 25 battle releated deaths: ATTF first became active as a one-sided actor in UCDP data in 1993, when the one-sided violence resulted in at least 25 civilian deaths. The threshold was reached sometime between April and July of that year when attacks by ATTF killed 25 supporters of the Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti party (TUJS).
Annual information
This section contains annual information systematically collected by the UCDP.
1992
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 10 |
| Best | 10 |
| Low | 10 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1993
Primary Parties: ATTF - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 25 |
| Best | 25 |
| Low | 25 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1996
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 15 |
| Best | 15 |
| Low | 15 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1997
Primary Parties: ATTF - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 73 |
| Best | 54 |
| Low | 54 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1998
Primary Parties: ATTF - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 29 |
| Best | 29 |
| Low | 29 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
1999
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 18 |
| Best | 18 |
| Low | 0 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2000
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 20 |
| Best | 20 |
| Low | 8 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2001
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 11 |
| Best | 11 |
| Low | 11 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2003
Primary Parties: ATTF - Civilians
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 71 |
| Best | 62 |
| Low | 62 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2004
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 11 |
| Best | 11 |
| Low | 11 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2005
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 3 |
| Best | 3 |
| Low | 3 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2006
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 6 |
| Best | 6 |
| Low | 6 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
2007
Primary Parties: -
Dimension: One-sided
| Estimated Fatalities | |
|---|---|
| High | 3 |
| Best | 3 |
| Low | 0 |
Numbers include fatalities for all dyads both active and inactive for this year
Conflict Archive
This section contains annual information no longer systematically collected by the UCDP.
1992 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
1993 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
1996 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
1997 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: In July 1996 the All Tripura Tiger Force (ATTF) issued a warning to Bengali settlers in the state of Tripura, telling them to immediately leave the state. The consequences of not heeding this call were shown throughout 1997, when the ATTF focused its one-sided attacks on such Bengali ‘settlers’.
Throughout February to June the ATTF attacked several villages all over Tripura, shooting civilians to death and setting the villages on fire, so as to try to create a mass exodus of Bengali speakers. In such attacks in February the dyad crossed the 25 deaths threshold, and the ATTF was for the first time recorded as a one-sided actor.
On a much smaller scale the ATTF also attacked former members and their families.
Terminated: NO
1998 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: The All Tripura Tiger Force’s (ATTF) attacks against Bengali settlers continued in 1998, with attacks on and torching of villages throughout the state of Tripura. Bengali settlers continued, as in 1997, to bear the brunt of the violence, but tribal civilians were also targeted. Shooting attacks on villages, with subsequent torching of huts and houses, continued to be the main means of attacks on civilians.
Terminated: NO
1999 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2000 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2001 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2003 Conflict Archive
Comment on Activity: The All Tripura Tiger Force (ATTF) became an active one-sided actor once again in 2003, after a lull that began in 1999. In 1999-2002 the ATTF did not abandon the strategy of attacking unarmed civilians, but the group did not cross the 25 deaths threshold during any of these years.
During 2003 the ATTF was not active as a rebel group in the state-based conflict with the Indian government (the dyad did not reach 25 battle-related deaths), but intensified one-sided violence in comparison to the previous years of the 21st Century.
In the early months of 2003 elections were to be held to the assembly of the state of Tripura. During the run-up to these elections the ATTF killed a large number of civilian INPT and Congress Party activists. The INPT is a tribal-based party in Tripura, aligned to the Congress Party, which sought to oust the ruling Left Front (an alliance of leftist and Communist parties) from its government position. The ATTF appears to have cultivated links to the Left Front government, and therefore attacked supporters and activists loyal to the INPT-Congress Party alliance (which in turn appears to have been supported by another Tripura tribal rebel group, the National Liberation Front of Tripura). The goal sought here would of course be to create a political front at the state level that could support the ATTF’s activities. Killings of political opponents also continued after the elections. These elections-related killings make up a large portion of the civilians killed by the ATTF in 2003.
The ATTF also continued to attack the Bengali-speaking community, as well as targeting former members of their own outfit. Bengali-speakers were oftentimes gunned down in large numbers, as was the case during the 14 August Independence Day celebrations in 2003 (the ATTF opposes the Indian union), which was the bloodiest day during the year with up to 30 people being killed. INPT and Congress Party activists were targeted on a more individual basis, and sometimes abducted before being put to death.
After 2003 the ATTF’s activities against civilians once again decreased.
Terminated: NO
2004 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2005 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2006 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
2007 Conflict Archive
Terminated: NO
